Immunologic and Genetic Factors in Type 1 Diabetes

Immunologic and genetic factors in type 1 diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both (Kumar et al., 2002). In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. Insulin deficiency in turn leads to chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydra...

Immunologic and Genetic Factors in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Immunologic and Genetic Factors in Type

Under normal physiologic conditions, the entry of glucose into beta cells triggers the secretion of insulin (1) (Fig. 1). The released insulin is carried in the blood to peripheral tissues where it binds to insulin receptors, which are members of the receptor tyrosine kinase family. This initiates a cascade of transmembrane events resulting in the uptake of glucose by cells and its metabolism i...

Immunologic issues in type 1 diabetes.

Jay Skyler, Miami, FL, presented the results of the parenteral substudy arm of the Diabetes Prevention Trial for Type 1 Diabetes (DPT-1), in which relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes, whose risk of type 1 diabetes is 10to 20-fold greater than that of the general population, were screened for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and enrolled in a study of insulin administration if they showed hig...

Immunologic and genetic markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) in an Argentine population.

The objective was to evaluate the prevalence and association of several markers (islet cell antibodies: ICA, insulin autoantibodies: IAA, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: GADA and ICA512 antibodies: ICA512A) along with HLA DQB1 genotype in type 1 diabetes mellitus of recent onset, including siblings and individuals without any history of this disease, in an Argentine population. A total ...